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Olive Mary Shapley (10 April 1910, Peckham, London – 13 March 1999, Powys, Wales)〔Allan Shaw (Obituary: Olive Shapley ), ''The Independent'', 20 March 1999〕 was a British radio producer and broadcaster. As an undergraduate at St Hugh's College, Oxford from 1929 she soon met her lifelong friend Barbara Betts, the future Labour politician Barbara Castle; the two women spent their holidays together, but unlike Betts, Shapley was briefly drawn to communism.〔 After a brief unhappy period working for the Workers' Educational Association and teaching at several schools〔Olive Shapley ''Broadcasting a Life'', London: Scarlet Pres, 1996, p. 30〕 she joined the BBC in 1934 as an organiser of Children's Hour programming in Manchester, but soon developed an interest in documentary features as an assistant producer. This was not without its problems. During a live programme called ''Men Talking'',〔Michael Vestey ("Keep it mild" ), ''The Spectator'', 18 January 2003, as reproduced on the Find Articles website. Shapley though (''Broadcasting a Life'', p.46) believed the incident occurred during ''Coal'' (17 November 1938).〕 Shapley had to use placards requesting Durham miners "not say bugger or bloody", one incident of several which persuaded BBC Director General Sir John Reith to insist on broadcasts being scripted.〔Peter M. Lewis "Referable Words", in Paddy Scannell (ed) ''Broadcast Talk'', London: Sage, p. 14〕 Using a recording van, weighing "seven tons when fully loaded",〔Olive Shapley ''Broadcasting A Life'', London: Scarlet Pres, 1996, p.48-49 quoting David Cardiff and Paddy Scannell ''A Social History of British Broadcasting, 1922-39'', Oxford: Blackwell, 1991, p.345〕 Shapley recorded actuality, which was innovative at the time, but the broadcast of swear words could now be avoided.〔 She thought a claim by Paddy Scannell and David Cardiff that she was an innovator as being expressed in "very flattering terms".〔Shapley ''Broadcasting a Life'', p. 51. The reference is to Paddy Scannell and David Cardiff ''A Social History of British Broadcasting, 1922-39'', Oxford: Blackwell, 1991, p.345〕 With Joan Littlewood in 1939 she created ''The Classic Soil'' (the programme still exists)〔("Help for Researchers: Radio recordings: social history" ), British Library〕 which compared the social conditions of the day with those observed a century earlier by Friedrich Engels. Decades later, Shapley thought it "probably the most unfair and biased programme ever put out by the BBC".〔Shapley ''Broadcasting a Life'', p.54〕 Other programmes from this period included the features ''Steel'' (1937), ''Cotton'' and ''Wool'' (both 1939).〔Tim Crook ''Radio Drama Theory'', London: Routledge, 1999, p.205〕 In 1939, Shapley went freelance after her marriage to John Salt, the BBC's programme director in the North region; the couple worked for the BBC in New York for much of the war. Salt, the BBC's North America assistant director (1942–44) and later director (1944–45), died suddenly on 26 December 1947.〔''Billboard'', 3 January 1948, p.11〕 Following the war, Shapley became a regular presenter of ''Woman's Hour'', a programme with which she was associated ("on and off")〔Shapley ''Broadcasting a Life'', p.124〕 for over twenty years, producing the programme between 1949 and 1953. Meanwhile, she began to develop a career as a presenter in television. In 1959 she took the six week BBC television training course, enabling her to become a producer in the newer medium.〔Shapley ''Broadcasting a Life'', pp. 160-61〕 Though largely based in Manchester again, from where she broadcast on television, she regularly commuted to London for some years. In the mid-1960s her Manchester home became a refuge (as a charitable trust) for single mothers and later, in the late 1970s, for the Vietnamese boat people.〔(''Woman's Hour'' ), 9 April 2010, (BBC website)〕 Olive Shapley published her autobiography, ''Broadcasting a Life'', in 1996. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Olive Shapley」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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